Anise: benefits and harms, who is contraindicated. Exclusive

Anise, also called anise seed or Pimpinella anisum, is a plant that comes from the same family as carrots, celery, and parsley. Because of the similarity in flavor and name, star anise is often confused with anise, although these two spices are not related. It is very important to know how to use this spice correctly so as not to harm the body.

In an exclusive commentary for FoodOboz, Victoria Stelmakh, founder of the largest Ukrainian-language Facebook group on baby food and baby food expert, spoke about the benefits and harms of anise, as well as how and to whom it can be consumed.

"Although anise is usually purchased as dried seeds, it is also available in oil, powder, and extract. Anise seeds, oil, and extract can give baked goods and candies a burst of flavor or enhance the scent of soaps and skin creams. Most recipes call for a few teaspoons (4-13 g or 5-15 ml) of ground anise seeds, oil or extract," said Victoria.

The expert added that anise is also popularly known for its powerful health-promoting properties and acts as a natural remedy for a wide range of diseases.

"But it's worth noting that most studies on the beneficial properties of anise were conducted in vitro or on animals. Therefore, it is impossible to say for 100% that anise will have the same benefits for humans!" the expert explained.

Benefits of anise:

Rich in nutrients

Anise seeds are low in calories but contain a large amount of some important minerals. In particular, these seeds are rich in iron, which is vital for the production of healthy blood cells in the body. A tablespoon accounts for 13% of the Reference Daily Intake (RDI).

Anise also contains small amounts of manganese, a key mineral that acts as an antioxidant and is essential for metabolism and development. About 7% of the Reference Daily Intake (RDI) per tablespoon

May reduce symptoms of depression

Interestingly, some studies have shown that anise seeds can help treat depression. In particular, an extract of anise seeds demonstrated powerful antidepressant properties in mice and was as effective as conventional medications used to treat depression. A study conducted on women of all ages also showed positive results.

May protect against stomach ulcers

Although there is very little data, it is known that anise seeds reduced stomach acid secretion and protected against stomach ulcers in one animal trial. Therefore, more research is needed to understand how it may affect ulcer formation and symptoms in humans.

Prevents the growth of fungi and bacteria

Test-tube studies show that anise seeds and its compounds have powerful antimicrobial properties that prevent infections and block the growth of fungi and bacteria. Anethole, the active ingredient in anise seeds, also reduces bacterial growth.

May help relieve menopausal symptoms

Menopause is the natural decline in female reproductive hormones during aging, resulting in symptoms such as hot flashes, fatigue, and dry skin. Anise seeds are thought to mimic the effects of estrogen in the body, potentially reducing menopausal symptoms. In one four-week study, 72 women with hot flashes took a placebo or a capsule containing 330 mg of anise three times a day. Those who took anise experienced a nearly 75% reduction in hot flashes in severity and frequency. Anise seeds and its compounds may reduce hot flashes and prevent bone loss, but more research is needed for clearer data.

Can balance blood sugar levels

Some research suggests that anethole, the active ingredient in anise seeds, can support blood sugar levels when combined with a healthy diet. However, this property still needs to be tested in humans.

May reduce inflammation

In many cases, inflammation is considered a normal response of the immune system to protect against injury and infection. Animal and test-tube studies show that anise seeds can reduce inflammation to improve health and prevent disease.

Possible side effects

Most people can safely take anise without the risk of side effects. However, it can trigger an allergic reaction, especially if you are allergic to plants in the same family, such as fennel, celery (an allergen), parsley, or dill.

In addition, the estrogen-mimicking properties of anise can aggravate the symptoms of hormone-sensitive conditions such as breast cancer or endometriosis. If you have a history of such a diagnosis, stick to moderate amounts and consult your doctor before consuming.

"Overall, anise seed is a powerful plant that is rich in nutrients and boasts a wide range of health benefits. It has antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties and can theoretically fight stomach ulcers, maintain blood sugar levels, and reduce symptoms. Therefore, everything is very relative in terms of benefits for people," summarized Victoria.

Combined with a nutritious diet and a healthy lifestyle, anise seeds can improve several aspects of your health.

And what about children and the anise or star anise-based herbal teas that are so popular on the market?

"Let's start with the fact that no tea should be given to young children at all. Phenolic compounds, which are present in most plants and are part of them, bind iron and prevent its absorption. Phenolic compounds are present in tea, coffee, and cocoa. Tea has been shown to reduce iron absorption from food by 62%, which can lead to anemia. In addition, there is a lack of scientific data that would confirm the safety of various herbs and herbal teas for infants. According to current research, such teas can cause symptoms of toxicity, such as agitation, vomiting, irritability, sudden movements, and seizures. It can also cause neurological problems," the expert added.

It has antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties and can theoretically fight stomach ulcers, maintain blood sugar levels, and reduce symptoms of depression and menopause.

Combined with a nutritious diet and a healthy lifestyle, anise seeds can improve several aspects of your health.

The text was checked by MedOboz project manager Viktor Lytvynenko